不同生境幼苗移植到同一生境下对环境因子的响应——以长白山白桦幼苗生理性状和形态为例

Physiological and Morphological Traits of Betula platyphylla from Different Altitude Transplanting to Same Habit and Its Response to Environmental Factors

将分布在海拔750、1 200、1 400 m的3~5年生白桦幼苗,分别移植到1 200 m相同的林下环境条件下,研究白桦幼苗的生理性状以及形态的变化。结果表明:(1)不同海拔来源的白桦幼苗净光合作用等生理性状日动态之间差异性不显著(P>0.05);(2)不同海拔来源的白桦幼苗形态上存在显著差异(P<0.05);(3)不同海拔来源的白桦幼苗,各项生理性状对空气温度、湿度等环境因子的响应不同,来源于海拔1 400 m和海拔750 m的白桦幼苗对空气温度和相对湿度有响应显著(P<0.01),来源于海拔1 200 m的白桦幼苗对光合有效辐射响应显著(P<0.01);(4)移栽后,不同海拔来源的白桦幼苗光合能力显著差异(P<0.05);(5)不同海拔来源的白桦幼苗叶片,各项生理性状均具有趋同性,但个体间形态仍存在差异性,且差异显著(P<0.05)。

By transplanting 3-5 a Betula platyphylla seedlings from altitudes of 750,1 200 and 1 400 m to the same altitude of 1200 m,we studied the changes of seedling physiology and morphology. The daily averages of physiological traits involving photosynthetic rate of B. platyphylla seedlings among different altitudes were not significant difference（ P0.05）. The morphology of B. platyphylla seedlings among different altitudes are significant difference（ P0.05）. The responses from physiological traits to environmental traits,such as air temperature and humidity,of B. platyphylla seedlings from different altitudes was different（ P0.01）,B. platyphylla seedlings from altitudes of 1 400 and 750 m had responses to air temperature and relative humidity of atomsphere,while seedlings from an altitude of 1 200 m had response to photosynthetically active radiation. In a period of short time after transplanting,the photosynthetic capacity of B. platyphylla seedlings from different altitudes was different（ P0.05）. Every physiological traits of B. platyphylla seedling leaves tended to be convergent,but morphology traits of B. platyphylla seedling leaves were still distinctive and significant difference（ P0.05）.