论中国小农户的前景与出路

On the Prospects of Traditional Small Farmers in China

如何认识仍然占农户大多数的传统小规模承包农户,进而制定合理的支持引导政策,关系农民的切身利益和中国的现代化进程。在城乡一体化趋势下,界定小农应从土地规模和农业收入两个角度来考虑,而且要认识到中国小农是一个"多面体"。对小农的发展前景主要有"小农消亡论"和"小农美好论"两种主张。不过,从现状和国情来看,积极为小农提供社会化服务并发展新型经营主体,因地制宜,走多元化、混合型道路更具可行性。考虑到中国小农数量巨大且分化严重,国家应多措并举,既继续减少小农,又真正联合小农,同时加强对小农的扶持。

The traditional small-scale peasant households still account for the majority of Chinese farmers. How to recognize them and formulate reasonable support and guidance policies affects the farmers＇ vital interest and China＇ s modernization process. With the integration of urban and rural areas,the definition of small farmers should be considered from two angles of land scale and agricultural income,and it is necessary to recognize that Chinese small farmers are a polyhedron. Extinction theory and beauty theory are mainly two propositions about the prospects for Chinese ＂ small farmers＂. However,actively providing social services for small farmers,fostering new types of agricultural business entities,and developing diversified and mixed management models are more feasible in terms of the current situation and national conditions. In view of the huge quantity and serious differentiation of Chinese small farmers,the government should take multiple measures to continuously decrease their quantity,truly ally with them and strengthen policy support for them.