硬质道路沥青的不同制备技术

Preparation and evaluation of hard asphalts by different process

以伊朗重质渣油为原料,对其采用减压深拔、溶剂脱沥青、溶剂脱沥青+调和组合工艺制备30#硬质道路沥青可行性进行考察。结果表明,减压深拔和溶剂脱沥青+调和工艺用来制备硬质道路沥青较为适宜。采用减压蒸馏工艺较为简单,适当提高蒸馏深度即可制备满足GB/T 15180—2010技术要求的30#硬质道路沥青,轻馏分油收率可增加8.1%;单独采用溶剂脱沥青工艺制备30#硬质沥青,尽管能制备出满足指标的30~#硬质沥青,但脱沥青油收率较低,仅为6.6%~16.0%,经济效益较差;采用溶剂脱沥青+渣油(高标号沥青)调和工艺,可以制备出高低温性能较优的30~#硬质沥青,适宜的操作条件为:丁烷为溶剂,抽提塔塔温度107℃,抽提压力3.8MPa,剂油质量比为2.9,此时脱沥青油收率为41.2%,残炭小于8%,金属含量小于30μg/g,满足催化裂化进料要求;硬质脱油沥青软化点为105.4℃,针入度为0,适宜的调和软组分选择春风渣油和90~#沥青。沥青混合料试验表明,相比70~#A级道路沥青,30~#硬质沥青混合料具有良好的抗车辙性能和水稳定性能,基本能够达到改性沥青的效果,可将其用于沥青路面的中下面层提高路面的抗车辙能力。

Preparation and evaluation of 30^# hard road asphalts by vacuum distillation,solvent deasphalting,combination of solvent deasphalting and blending process for Iran residue were investigated.The results showed that,30^# hard road asphalt was prepared and met technical requirements of GB/T 15180—2010 by raising the distillation depth,and the yield of light distillate increased by 8.1%.30^# hard asphalt could be prepared by solvent deasphalting process,while the DAO yield was so low,about 6.6%-16.0%,that resulted in poor economic benefits.The combination of solvent deasphalting and blending process was used to produce 30^# hard asphalt with good performance at high and low temperature,and the suitable operating conditions were as follow： butane of solvent,extraction tower temperature of 107℃,extraction pressure of 3.8 MPa,solvent-oil ratio of 2.9（mass ratio）,DAO yield was 41.2%.The carbon residue content and metal content of DAO were less than 8% and 30μg/g,respectively,and met the requirements of FCC feedstock.The softening point and penetration of hard DOA were 105.4℃ and 0,respectively,and the Chunfeng residue and 90·# asphalt were appropriate as soft components of blending process.The results of mix performance tests indicated that,compared with 70^# asphalt,30^# hard asphalt mixture had very good anti-high temperature deformation ability,good water stability,and had the same effect of modified asphalt.Its applications on surface of the middle and lower layer road would improve the pavement anti-rutting ability.