构建新型林业社会化服务体系——文献综述与研究展望

Review on the Literature and Research Prospect of Constructing Forestry Social Services System

在全面推进集体林权制度改革的新时期,构建完善的新型林业社会化服务体系,为广大新型林业经营主体提供及时有效的林业社会化服务,成为学界和政界的共同关注。对新型林业社会化服务的概念、构成及运行模式、服务需求与服务供给特征、供需匹配路径与完善对策、服务效果与评价等方面的研究文献进行系统梳理和综合评述,并对构建新型林业社会化服务体系研究的重点方向做出展望。

⑴Background——With the reform of collective forest tenure deeply implementing in China,the enthusiasm of people engaged in forestry production and management has been greatly improved.At the same time,new forestry entities have emerged followed by the needs of forestry social services.The traditional forestry social services system could not provide adequate services to meet the multiple demands of different forestry entities.So it is of extreme significant to study the change on the needs of social services under the background of the reform of collective forest tenure and to study how construct a perfect new forestry social services system.⑵Methods——Based on the reading of relative forestry social services literature,this article made an overview of the main theoretical studies in which the experts and scholars researched in terms of the concept of forestry social services,the constitution and operation models,the characteristics of supply and demand and the evolution of forestry social services accompanying the reform of collective forest tenure,the matching supply with demand and corresponding measures,effects and evaluation of the services.Then,the article made a comment on the studies focusing on the above aspects and put forward the future research direction.⑶Results——The relative research on forestry social services are rich and have obtained some valuable achievements,but in the respect of the research contents and the research methods,there is need to do more further research.In the perspective of research contents,it is far from enough to do research on the traits of demand for forestry social services,adoption behavior and its stimulating factors.What is more,there is few studies to explore important issues such as demand heterogeneity of forestry entities,their desire for demand for forestry social services,the complexity and diversity of adoption behavior,services supply efficiency and services supply capacity,matching supply with demand and the mechanism of balancing demand and supply,especially after the reforms of collective forest tenure.As a result,there is a severely lack of systematic and complete study on the critical theoretical underpinnings and policy issues of constructing the new forestry social services system.In the perspective of research methods,there is a keen shortage of effort to do empirical analysis which is based on large sample data and the use of advanced measurement methods,so that the current research cannot accurately find out the various problems and contradictions which exist in the building of the new forestry social services system,and cannot reveal the underlying determinant factors that led to the development of the problems.⑷Conclusions and Discussions——Based on the result of study,this article pointed out the field of research in the future.Firstly,we should do research on the services demand to explore the various needs of forestry entities,its change traits as well as its influence factors.Secondly,we should do research on the services supply to examine the factors that affect and restrain the effective supply of forestry social services from all kinds of social services organizations.Finally,we should combine the demands with supplies to explore the matching relationship in time and space.Corresponding to a certain productive condition and characteristics of demands,different forestry entities should choose a certain service model to achieve the optimal benefits for a certain service supply model so as to get the maximal benefits.