农村留守老人健康评价及影响因素的结构分析

The Structural Analysis of Health Assessment and Its Related Factors of the Rural Left-behind Elderly

目前,我国农村留守老人已成为一个日益庞大的特殊群体,其健康状况不容乐观,需要改善健康现状,以避免因老致贫、因病致贫和因病返贫。基于山东省农村地区的调查数据,使用结构方程模型分析了农村留守老人健康评价与其影响因素之间的结构关系。结果表明,农村留守老人的健康评价不仅与他们的收入水平、受教育程度息息相关,而且也受其家庭因素和当地社区医疗卫生服务的影响;这些影响因素均发挥了不同程度的直接或间接作用。因此,通过自身、家庭、社区和政府的合力,才能保障农村留守老人的基本生活,规避健康危险因素,提高农村留守老人的整体健康水平。

In China,the scale of the rural left-behind elderly is expanding,but their health situation is not optimistic.We need to improve the health status of this group to avoid the old poverty,poverty due to illness and poverty reinstatement due to illness.In order to investigate the mechanism of relationships between health status and its determinations among the rural left-behind elderly,aquestionnaire survey was conducted among elderly people left-behind in rural area of Shandong Province.Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling to show the structural relationship between them.The results showed that socioeconomic status not only had direct impacts on health status,but also affected health status by community health service level.The related factors were showed different effects on health,including direct effect and indirect effect.Therefore,by forming ajoint force of self,family,community and government,we can enhance basic social provision,avoid the risk factors of health in order to improve the health status of rural left-behind elderly.