特质情绪智力如何影响学生的学业成就——以小学数学为例

How does the Trait Emotional Intelligence Influence Students' Academic Achievement——Taking Elementary Mathematics as an Example

情绪智力对于个体的学业成就具有预测意义,能促进学生认知能力的提高和社会化发展。对326名小学生进行调查,探索特质情绪智力总体及其各维度对计算流畅性、数值运算、数学推理等数学任务的影响。研究结果显示,不同特质情绪智力水平的学生在计算流畅性、数值运算、数学推理这三个任务总均分上都呈现显著差异;"自尊""自我激励"对计算流畅性具有显著的预测作用,"自尊""情绪觉知"和"低冲动性"对数值运算具有显著预测力,"自尊""自我激励""低冲动性"和"适应性"能有效预测数学推理。为提高学生的学业成就,应从培养学生情绪智力和构建情绪智力干预机制两方面采取措施。

The emotional intelligence can predict the individual academic achievement and support both cognitive and social development. In this study,326 primary school pupils were selected to explore the relationships between trait emotional intelligence and its dimensions on mathematical tasks,such as calculation fluency,numerical computation and mathematics reasoning. It showed that pupils with different level of trait emotional intelligence had significant differences on calculation fluency,numerical computation and mathematics reasoning. Self-esteem and self-motivation could effectively predict calculation fluency. Self-esteem, emotion perception and low impulsivity could effectively predict numerical computation.Self-esteem,self-motivation,low impulsivity and adaptability could effectively predict mathematics reasoning. These findings suggest the importance of fostering and intervening pupils' EI as the strategies of enhancing academic success.