论元代科举制度对黄公望生平及绘画风格的影响——以《九峰雪霁图》为例

Influence of Imperial Examination System of Yuan Dynasty on Huang Gongwang's Life and Painting Style——Taking “The Nine Peaks Snowy Scene” as an Example

元代时期,科举制度在特殊的政治环境下,产生了与前代不同的新特征,致使想要通过科举制度进入仕途的士大夫,失去了晋身之阶,他们转为避世、隐逸,沉浸醉心于游历山川与绘画创作,导致元代山水绘画与南宋绘画风貌产生了明显的分野。其中最具代表性的文人画家就是作为元四家之首的黄公望。文中试图运用文献分析法、案例分析法和经验总结法,从社会选官制度的角度来剖析黄公望,探究元代科举制度对其生平和绘画风格的影响。

During the Yuan Dynasty,the imperial examination system produced new characteristics different from the previous dynasty under the special political environment.As a result,the imperial examiners who wanted to enter the official career through the imperial examination system lost their opportunities and turned to avoidance.They lost passion and traveled mountains and painted.Resulting in Yuan Dynasty landscape painting and Southern Song Dynasty painting style had a clear distinction.One of the most representative literati painters is Huang Gongwang,the head of the four great Yuan painters.This article tries to use the methods of literature analysis,case analysis and experience summarization to analyze Huang Gongwang from the perspective of social system of official election,and to explore the influence of imperial examination system on the life and painting style of Yuan Dynasty.