上林湖后司岙窑址秘色瓷的成分特征研究

The Component Analysis of The Mi'se Celadon Excavated at Shanglinhu Housi'ao Kiln Site

为揭示秘色瓷胎釉成分特征及其与普通越窑青瓷之间的异同,并探讨越窑青瓷制釉技术的时代特征,本文采用X射线荧光能谱仪(EDXRF)对慈溪上林湖后司岙和荷花芯窑址出土的青瓷标本进行了无损测试。结果表明:(1)后司岙窑址秘色瓷的胎体元素组成与普通越窑青瓷无明显的差异,即二者均采用当地的瓷石原料制胎;(2)晚唐和五代秘色瓷釉的元素组成与同时期普通越窑青瓷也无明显差异,其独特的釉色与其采用瓷质匣钵的烧制工艺有关;(3)晚唐至五代时期越窑青瓷釉料配方可能发生了重大改变,即由早期的瓷石加草木灰的二元配方变成瓷石加草木灰、石灰石的三元配方。(4)晚唐至五代秘色瓷以及五代耀州窑青瓷、北宋汝官窑、南宋官窑以及龙泉南宋青瓷均将釉中氧化钙的含量严格控制在10%?14%范围之内,即各个窑口的制釉技术是非常类似的。

In the thesis is presented the undamaged test result of the celadon shards unearthed in the sites of Housi'ao kiln and Hehuaxin kiln by energy disperse x-ray fluorescence(EDXRF) aiming for the similarities and differences of the components between the Mi'se and the ordinary Yue porcelain wares, and the glaze-making techniques of Yue ware as well. The results are as follows: Firstly, A kind of local chinastone as raw materials are used in the ware bodies of both the Mi'se of Housi'ao kiln and the ordinary wares, so they are close to each other materially. Secondly, the Mi'se wares of the late Tang and the Five Dynasties have the same glaze stuff as the ordinary Yue green wares, but what makes a difference is the porcelain saggar used for the production of Mi'se wares. Thirdly, there is the possibility that the glaze formula of the Yue celadon was being changed from chinastone plus wood ash to the mixture of chinastone and wood ash and limestone through the late Tang to the Five Dynasties. Fourth, all the porcelains including the Mi'se ware, Yaozhou ware, the Northern-Song Ru official ware, the Southern-Song official ware as well as Longquan ware are produced with the limited content of calcium oxide within the range of 10~14%, which indicates that these kiln sites share the basic techniques for glaze-making from the late Tang to the Southern Song Dynasties.