重庆市璧山区城乡建设用地与人口时空演变分析

A Spatio-Temporal Study of the Changes of the Relationship Between Population and Urban and Rural Construction Land in Bishan,Chongqing

土地与人口的城镇化失调已久,厘清内在的变化机理,是协调人地结构矛盾的迫切需求.本文以重庆市璧山区为例,采用增长弹性系数法,利用2004-2014年的城乡建设用地和人口数据,分析二者的关系演变轨迹.研究结果表明:1)城镇建设用地增长率182.5%,农村建设用地减少率4.12%,二者增减幅度差距大;2)城镇人地增长弹性系数为1.81,城镇建设用地增长快于人口增加,有土地城镇化倾向,且城镇化发展存在区域不平衡;3)农村人地增长弹性系数为0.17,农村建设用地减少慢于农村人口的析出;4)城镇人地关系与农村人地关系变化剧烈的地区分布存在一致性,形成以璧山主城为中心的向相邻街镇震荡的环形格局.农村建设用地的增减决定了农村人地关系是否协调,应加强对农村闲置宅基地的整治.另外,应促进农村人口城镇化,提高城镇建设用地集约利用度.

Imbalance between land urbanization and population urbanization has existed for a long time in China,and it is a pressing necessity to clarify the mechanism for the changes in their relationship,so as to solve the structural contradiction between the two.In a case study of Bishan district of Chongqing,based on the data of the urban and rural construction land and population in the study area in 2004-2014,the growth elasticity coefficient method was employed to analyze their evolution trajectory.The results showed that urban construction land expanded rapidly,at a growth rate of 182.5%,while rural construction land decreased by 4.12%——agreat discrepancy between the two.The urban construction land-population growth coefficient was 1.81,suggesting agreater growth rate for urban construction land than for urban population and a tendency to land urbanization,and there existed an unbalanced regional urbanization development.The rural construction land-population growth coefficient was 0.17,indicating a slower decline of rural construction land than that of rural population,and a dysfunctional human-land relationship existed,in different degrees,in 10/13 of the towns.The distribution of the regions with dramatic changes in human-land relationship was similar in urban and rural areas,with the central urban area of Bishan as the center,which influenced its adjacent towns in a circular pattern.