理想气体的压强及温度的微观解释

the Microcosmic Interpretation of the Pressure and Temperature of Ideal Gas

基于气体分子动理论和理想气体的微观模型给出理想气体的压强和温度的计算公式。由这两个公式从微观层面解释理想气体的压强和温度的本质,进而可以帮助解释和分析一些宏观物理现象。从微观角度而言,压强是大量气体分子持续不断地撞击容器器壁而形成的单位面积上的压力;温度则是大量气体分子热运动剧烈程度的宏观量度,也可用来描述气体分子的平均平动能。

The main content of this paper is to start with gas molecular dynamic theory and the micro model of ideal gas,and then give the calculation formula of pressure and temperature of the ideal gas. According to these two formulas, the pressure and temperature of ideal gas are explained from the micro level,which can help explain and analyze some macro physical phenomena. The pressure, from a micro angle, is the pressure on the unit area that a large number of gas molecules are constantly hitting the wall of the container. And the temperature is a macroscopical measure of the intensity of thermal motion of a large number of molecules of gas. It can also be used to describe the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules.