近50年辽宁省暴雨特征时空分析

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Rainstorm in Liaoning Province over Past 50 Years

基于辽宁省22个气象台站1960~2012年共53年的逐日降水数据,计算出每年各站暴雨量、暴雨日数、暴雨强度以及贡献率,并通过滑动平均分析、Mann-Kendall突变检验等方法分析辽宁省暴雨时空分布特征.结果表明:辽宁省暴雨时空分布具有不均匀性,时间分布中年际变化具有明显的波动性特征,年内变化呈现明显的集中性;暴雨量、暴雨日数的年际差异较大,暴雨强度的年际分布趋势与暴雨量、暴雨日数大致相同;暴雨的年内分布呈现出明显的集中性,集中发生在夏季,偶见于春秋两季,冬季无暴雨发生.辽宁省暴雨的空间分布极不均匀,总的趋势是由东南向西北减少,表现为东多西少,南多北少.

By using the daily precipitation data from 22 stations in Liaoning province from 1960 to 2012,the precipitation amount,frequency,intensity and contribution of annual heavy rainfall are calculated for every station.The characteristics of heavy rainfall over Liaoning province are summarized by such methods as the moving average analysis,Mann-Kendall test and so on.Analysis shows that the spatial and temporal characteristics of rainfall in Liaoning province is of great difference.There are obvious annual fluctuation and concentrating changes during years.The inter-annual differences of the rainfall is large and the intensity of it changes roughly same with the amount and frequency.The rainstorm has the obvious seasonal characteristic,and it is particularly most centralized in summer,sometimes in spring and autumn,but no rainfall in winter.The spatial distribution of the annual precipitation variation in Liaoning province decreases from southeast to northwest.The rainstorm assumes more in east and south,few in north and west.