桡骨远端解剖型纸质支架夹板的力学性能研究

Mechanical Properties Test and Analysis of the Anatomical Paper Splints

目的:分析解剖型纸质支架夹板的力学性能,客观地评价其临床优势。方法:选取柳木夹板、纸质夹板、解剖型纸质支架夹板各12块,每种夹板随机选取6块进行弯曲测试,分析3种夹板的弯曲载荷、弯曲模量及载荷-位移曲线;其余6块用于弯曲蠕变测试,分析3种夹板的蠕变性能。选取纸质夹板、解剖型纸质支架夹板各60块,每种夹板按浸湿0 s、5 s、10 s、15 s、20 s随机分为5组,每组12块,分析各组夹板的吸水率,并从中随机选取6块进行弯曲测试,分析不同含水量的2种夹板的载荷-位移曲线;剩余6块进行弯曲蠕变测试,分析不同含水量的2种夹板的抗蠕变性能。结果:柳木夹板抗弯载荷最大,解剖型纸质支架夹板次之,纸质夹板最小;纸质夹板弯曲模量最小,解剖型纸质支架夹板弯曲模量接近柳木夹板且力学性能更稳定。2种纸质夹板吸水率均与浸泡时间呈正相关,抗弯性能均与浸泡时间呈负相关,浸泡超过10 s,纸质夹板抗弯性能与蠕变性能均明显降低,解剖型纸质支架夹板浸湿后因铅丝支架承担载荷仍能维持较高的弯曲载荷,但因马粪纸已破裂损坏,力学稳定性不及未浸水的夹板。结论:桡骨远端解剖型纸质支架夹板具有良好的抗弯性、可塑性及力学稳定性,符合祖国医学倡导的"弹性固定"的理念。

Objective： To evaluate the clinieal advantages of the anatomical paper splint by mechanical properties test. Methods： 12 willow splints, 12 paper splints and 12 distal radius anatomical paper splints were selected for bending test and bending creep test, 6 for each. Bending load, flexural modulus and load displace- ment curve and creep properties were analyzed of each kind of splints. 60 paper splints and 60 distal radius anatomical paper splints were selected and randomly divided into to 5 groups and separately soaked tbr 0 s, 5 s, 10 s, 15 s, 20 s in order to analyze water absorption rates. Bending test and bending creep test were done to analyze different load displacement curve and creep properties according to different water content in different splints. Results： Mechanieal properties test showed that willow splints had the maximum bending load, while the paper splints had the minimm. Paper splints had the minimum bending modulus, while anatomic paper splints had the same as willow splints. The mechanical properties of anatomic paper splints was more stabilized than willow splints. Water absorption rate of 2 kinds of paper splints were eorrelated with the soaking time positively, and bending perlormance were correlated with soaking time negatively, soaking more than 10 s, the creep properties of paper splint greatly reduced, for anatomic paper splints＂ wire can bear bending load to maintain a high bending loads, but paper has broken failing to maintain the mechanical stability compared with splints without immersion. Conclusion： The distal radius anatomical paper splints have good bending resistance, plasticity and mechanical stability. The splints are in line with the concept of ＂elastie fixed＂ advocated by the Chinese osteosyulhesis.