抗菌药物对肠道菌群和肠黏膜屏障功能的影响及机制

Effects of antibiotics on intestinal microflora and intestinal mucosal barrier function and its mechanisms

抗菌药物是治疗感染性疾病的基石,但治疗的同时也破坏了肠道的固有菌群,引发胃肠道功能障碍,如腹胀、腹泻、黏膜屏障损伤等,甚至诱发肠源性脓毒症.随着人类微生物组计划的开展和微生物测序技术的普及,人们对抗菌药物影响肠道菌群的认识更加深入,传统的生物医学模式（细菌疾病基础）受到质疑.本文详细叙述了抗菌药物对肠道菌群和肠黏膜屏障功能的影响及相关机制,论证了以益生菌、粪菌移植等治疗手段构建＂健康促进菌群＂,从而调整胃肠功能的可行性,进一步促进抗菌药物的临床合理使用.

Antibiotics are the cornerstone to cure infectious diseases, however, it also destroys the intestinal inherent microflora, and may cause serious gastrointestinal dysfunction, such as abdominal distension, diarrhea, mucosal barrier damage etc. In severe conditions, it may induce intestinal sepsis. With the development of the human microbiology group program and the popularity of microbial sequencing technology, people can comprehend the effects of antibiotics on intestinal flora deeply, meanwhile the traditional biomedical model （the basis of bacterial disease） is questioned. It presents the effects and mechanisms of antibiotics on intestinal microflora and intestinal mucosal barrier function in detail and demonstrates the feasibility by the treatment of probiotics and fecal transplantation to construct ＂health-promoting microbes＂ to adjust gastrointestinal function, in addition, it can promote the rational use of antibiotics.