面向非富勒烯型有机光伏电池的聚合物给体材料设计

Rational Design Strategies for Polymer Donors for Applications in Non-Fullerene Organic Photovoltaic Cells

可溶液加工的有机光伏电池(OPV)是一种具有重要应用潜力的新型光伏技术。在OPV技术的发展过程中,富勒烯衍生物作为电子受体材料占据了相当长时间的统治地位,因此聚合物给体材料设计中对如何与富勒烯受体材料相互匹配考虑较多。最近几年来,基于聚合物给体和非富勒烯有机受体的OPV电池,简称为非富勒烯型NF-OPV,得到了十分快速的发展。在此类电池中,聚合物电子给体和非富勒烯型电子受体材料均起到了十分重要的作用。相比于较为经典的富勒烯型OPV,NF-OPV对聚合物给体的光电特性和聚集态结构提出了新的要求。因此,本文针对NF-OPV的特点,重点介绍NF-OPV对聚合物给体材料的吸收光谱、分子能级以及聚集态结构等特征的新要求,总结最近几年来的相关进展,并在此基础上进一步讨论聚合物电子给体材料面临的挑战和展望。

Solution-processable organic photovoltaic cells （OPVs） have attracted considerable interest. Over the past twenty years, fullerene and its derivatives have been predominately used as the electron acceptor materials to fabricate OPV devices. In recent few years, non-fullerene organic photovoltaic cells （NF-OPVs）, consisting of polymers as the donors and the non-fullerene （NF） materials as the acceptors, have been developed rapidly, and the highest power conversion eff]ciencies of NF-OPVs exceed those of fullerene-based OPVs. In these NF-OPVs, both polymeric donor materials and NF acceptors play critical roles in achieving outstanding efficiencies, and hence, the molecular design of the polymer donors has been deemed a very important topic of research in the field. In this review, we will present an introduction of the specific requirements for polymer donors in NF-OPVs and summarize the recent progress related to polymer donors for the applications in highly efficient NF-OPVs.