接地特性对轮胎纯侧偏六分力影响的数值研究

Numerical Study on Effect of Contact Characteristics on Forces and Moments of Tire during Pure Cornering

从5种典型接地特性(蝴蝶形、轻微蝴蝶蝶形、近似矩形、胶囊形和椭圆形,编号为a—e型)出发,考虑摩擦因数随接地压力变化,运用数值仿真方法,针对接地特性对轮胎纯侧偏工况下的六分力影响开展研究。结果显示,考虑摩擦因数对接地压力的依赖关系才能体现出接地特性对侧向力的影响,接地特性为d型的轮胎侧向力较大,侧倾力矩和回正力矩由大到小的顺序为e,d,c,b,a型,侧倾力矩受接地特性影响最为显著,可为轮胎设计和车-胎配套分析提供指导。

The forces and moments of five kinds of tires with typical contact characteristics（footprints like a butterfly,slight-butterfly,rectangle,capsule and ellipse,referred to as type a-e） were investigated by using numerical simulation method and considering the friction coefficient changing with contact pressure.The results showed that,the lateral forces of five kinds of tires were different only if the change of friction coefficient with normal pressure was included,and type d tire had a higher lateral force. The values of overturning moments and aligning torques of five finds of tires decreased in the order of e〉d〉c〉b〉a,and the overturning moment was significantly influenced by the contact characteristics. This study could offer a guide for tire design and vehicle-tire matching analysis.