南非参与南极事务的利益关切与政策选择

South Africa's Antarctic Affairs Participation:Interest Concerns and Policy Selection

随着经济实力的不断增强,近年来南非对南极政策进行不断调整和优化,包括强化南极活动保障能力建设、谋划制定南极科研战略、开展南极外交、推动南极环境保护等。这种调整和优化是由南非在南极地区的政治、经济、科研和环境等战略利益决定的。但是,面对英、澳等国进一步强化南极事务主导地位的政治现实,以及国内不完善的协调机制和资金掣肘因素的影响,南非的南极政策能否顺利实施面临着很大的不确定性,这些都会使得现阶段南非介入南极事务的力度和程度受到限制。中国作为南极治理利益攸关方,在南极事务中与南非拥有相似的利益诉求,在南极事务中与南非保持密切沟通和交流有助于拓宽双方合作领域,丰富中国与南非全面战略伙伴关系的政治内涵。

With the growth of national economic strength, South Africa has chosen to continuously adjust and optimize its Antarctic policy, including enhancing the logistics capability of Antarctic expedition, designing Antarctic science strategic plan, promoting Antarctic environmental protection, and deepening the international cooperation of Antarctic affairs. These adjustment and optimization are decided by its strategic political, economic, scientific and environmental interests in the Antarctic region, especially by its political ambitions of becoming a global power. However, the implementation of South Africa＇s Antarctic policy faces much uncertainty because of the incomplete coordinating mechanism and capital constraint, while countries like UK and Australia are further strengthening their dominance in the Antarctic affairs. All these will limit South Africa＇s degree of Antarctic governance. China, also a stakeholder in the Antarctic governance, has the similar interests in the Antarctic region. Keeping close communication with South Africa in the Antarctic affairs will help to expand cooperation area between the two countries and enrich the political connotation of China - South Africa comprehensive strategic partnership.