男性新兵集训期间SCL-90阳性率及其影响因素分析

Analysis of positive rate of symptom checklist 90 in Chinese male recruits during military training and its risk factors

目的对集训期间新兵的心理健康状况进行症状自评,并研究SCL-90阳性的影响因素。方法本研究使用SCL-90量表和心理弹性量表,对2013年夏秋季新入伍的士兵进行横断面调查(整群随机抽样)。结果共纳入数据资料完整的男性新兵3 984例。SCL-90总得分122.6±36.6,显著低于新兵常模和中国男性军人常模(P均<0.05)。本研究样本SCL-90各因子得分中躯体化因子的得分最高(1.54±0.54),其次是强迫症状(1.53±0.54)和人际关系敏感(1.41±0.48)。SCL-90总阳性率为24.5%。家庭教育方式中民主型是SCL-90总分阳性的保护因素,其OR(95%CI)为0.786(0.648~0.953),溺爱型和忽略型是SCL-90总分阳性的危险因素,其OR(95%CI)分别为1.488(1.167~1.897)和2.034(1.398~2.962)。自评健康状况好是SCL-90总分阳性的保护因素,其OR(95%CI)为0.260(0.184~0.369)。坚韧性、力量和乐观性因子得分及心理弹性总得分均对SCL-90总分阳性具有保护作用,其调整OR(95%CI)分别为0.912(0.902~0.923)、0.878(0.863~0.892)、0.916(0.890~0.942)和0.950(0.944~0.956)。结论本研究中的新兵集训期间的心理健康水平优于常模,民主型的家庭教育方式、自评健康状况好和心理弹性得分高是SCL-90阳性的保护因素。部队应对检出阳性者进行有针对性的心理干预,提高新兵的心理健康水平。

Objective To assess the psychiatric symptoms of recruits during recruit training and study the factors associated with the positive rate of SCL-90. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the newly enrolled soldiers in the summer of 2013 using the questionnaires of SCL-90 and CD-RISC. Results There were 3 948 soldiers enrolled in this study. The total score of SCL-90 was（122.6±36.6） among male recruits, which was significantly lower than those of the two Chinese norms（P〈0.05, respectively）. In the present study, the score of the physical factor of SCL-90 was the highest（1.54±0.54）, followed by obsessivecompulsive symptoms（1.53±0.54） and interpersonal sensitivity（1.41±0.48）. The total positive rate of SCL-90 was 24.5%, with democratic family rearing method as the protective factors, and the OR（95% CI） was 0.786（0.648 and 0.953）, indulgent or neglected family rearing methods were the risk factors of the positive rate of SCL-90, and the ORs（95% CIs） were 1.488（1.167, 1.897） and 2.034（1.398, 2.962） respectively. Self-assessment of good health condition was the protective factor of the positive rate of SCL-90, and the OR（95% CI） was 0.260（0.184, 0.369）. The adjusted ORs（95% CIs） of factors of tenacity, strength and optimism score and the total score of resilience for positive personality disorders were 0.912（0.902, 0.923）, 0.878（0.863, 0.892）, 0.916（0.890, 0.942） and 0.950（0.944, 0.956）, respectively. Conclusion The level of mental health in this study is better than the norms. Democratic parenting style, self-reported healthy status and higher score of psychological resilience are the protective factors of positive SCL-90. Targeted psychological intervention should be carried out to improve the psychological health of the recruits.