中国大陆中学生非自杀性自伤流行特征的Meta分析

A Meta-analysis of characteristics of non-suicidal self-injury among middle school students in China's Mainland

目的探讨中国大陆中学生非自杀性自伤的流行特征,为今后干预和控制中学生非自杀性自伤提供基线数据。方法检索中国生物医学文献库(CBM)、中国学术文献库总库(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)、万方数据库、Pub Med数据库、Embase数据库以及Web of Science中公开发表的关于中国大陆中学生非自杀性自伤的相关文献。使用R软件及其Meta程序包对纳入的文献进行Meta分析,按照性别、学段、城乡、独生子女、地区以及调查年限进行亚组分析,并对纳入的文献进行敏感性分析和发表偏倚评价。结果最终共纳入文献22篇,累计纳入总样本量146 936人,非自杀性自伤总检出率为27.4%(95%CI=24.5%~30.2%)。亚组分析结果显示,中国大陆中学生非自杀性自伤行为检出率男生(27.2%)高于女生(25.6%),非独生子女(28.8%)高于独生子女(28.0%),农村(32.2%)高于城市(27.7%),中部地区(32.3%)高于西部(30.1%)、东部(25.4%)、东北部(5.5%)地区,2012年及之后调查的检出率(31.4%)高于2012年之前的检出率(22.7%),差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为237.03,9.85,30.28,531.58,120.95,P值均<0.05)。本次所纳入研究文献无发表偏倚,Meta分析结果稳健。结论我国大陆中学生非自杀性自伤总体检出率较高,且在性别、是否为独生子女、城乡、地区以及调查年限间存在差异。

Objective To explore the prevalent characteristics of non-suicidal self-injury among middle school students in China's Mainland,and to provide basic information for prevention and intervention.Methods The relevant studies,which reported the prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury in middle school students among China's Mainland,were systematically searched via electronic databases,including China Biological Medicine（CBM）,China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）,VIP database,Wanfang database,Pub Med,Embase,and Web of science.Meta-analysis was conducted by using R software and its Meta packages.Subgroup analysis was conducted according to gender,senior/junior,urban/rural,whether was only child or not,the research region and the research year period,and sensitivity analysis and publication bias were performed.Results A total of 22 eligible studies,with 146 936 middle school students,were finally included.The pooled prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury was 27.4%（95%CI=24.5%-30.2%）.Subgroup analysis of non-suicidal self-injury in Chinese middle school students showed that the pooled estimate of prevalence for male（27.2%） was higher than that in female（25.6%）;the prevalence of more than one child（28.8%）was higher than that of only child（28.0%）;rural middle school students（32.2%） was higher than in urban（27.7%）;middle region（32.3%） was higher than eastern（25.4%）,western（30.1%） and northeastern（5.5%） regions;research year period among 2012 and then（31.4%） was higher than before 2012（22.7%）.All of those differences were statistically significant（χ~2=237.03,9.85,39.28,531,58,120.95,P〈0.05）.No publication bias was found in the researched literature,and the results were robust.Conclusion The pooled prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury among middle school students in China's Mainland is quite high,and there are differences between gender,urban/rural,whether only child or not,the research region,and the research year period.