冬季雾霾天气对某市小学生肺功能的影响

Influence of winter haze weather on lung function of primary school students in a city

目的了解冬季雾霾天气对某市小学生肺功能影响,为防治小学生呼吸系统疾病提供依据。方法根据中国空气质量在线监测分析平台2016年数据,在某市选取PM2.5污染相对较轻和污染相对较重监测点,在监测点附近2 km范围内各选择1所小学,每所小学随机抽取三~五年级各1个班,于供暖期前非雾霾天气和供暖期间雾霾天气分别进行1次肺功能测试。第1次肺功能测试调查362名学生,第2次359名,其中完成2次肺功能测试者338名。结果 2所学校学生身高、体重差异均无统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。非雾霾日,轻污染区小学男生FVC低于重污染区小学男生(P<0.05),轻污染区小学女生PEF高于重污染区小学女生(P<0.05),轻污染区小学总体FEF75高于重污染区小学(P<0.05)。轻污染区小学男生的FVC非雾霾日高于雾霾日(P<0.05),女生FEV1,PEF,FEF25,FEF75在非雾霾日均高于雾霾日(P值均<0.05);重污染区小学男生和总体FVC非雾霾日高于雾霾日,FEF75非雾霾日低于雾霾日(P值均<0.05)。结论雾霾天气对小学生肺功能有一定影响。应加大空气污染治理力度,保证小学生健康成长。

Objective To understand the influence of winter haze weather on lung function of primary school students,and to provide a reference for preventing and controlling their respiratory diseases.Methods According to the China Air Quality Online Monitoring and Analysis Platform 2016 data,two primary schools were selected in the city,one nearby PM2.5 relatively light pollution monitoring points and the other nearby PM2.5 relatively heavy pollution monitoring points,and one class of grade three to five was randomly selected from each primary school,all the students had a lung function test in a non-haze day before the heating period and a haze day during the heating period.Results The first lung function test was conducted among 362 students,and the second one among 359 students.A total of 338 students completed two lung function tests.There was no statistically significant difference in height and weight between the students of two schools（P〈0.05）;In non-haze day,the FVC of primary school boys in light pollution area was lower than that of heavily pollution area（P〈0.05）,the PEF of primary school girls in light pollution area was higher than that of heavily pollution area,and the FEF75 of primary school in light pollution area was higher than that of heavily pollution area（P〈0.05）;in the lightly polluted area,the boys＇ FVC in non-haze day was higher than that in haze day（P〈0.05）,and the girls＇ FEV1,PEF,FEF25,FEF75 were higher in non-haze day than in haze day（P〈0.05）;the boys＇ FVC in heavily polluted area and overall FVC were higher in non-haze day and the FEF75 was lower in non-haze day（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The haze weather has influenced the lung function of primary school students in some city,and the government should make more efforts in controlling air pollution to ensure the health growth of students.