主观倾向构式“X还来不及呢”

Subjective Inclination Construction “X hai laibuji ne ”

本文立足于构式语法理论,从适切语境、构式化演变、话语功能等方面对"X还来不及呢"结构进行认知探讨。"X还来不及呢"具有统一的认知功能,是一个主观倾向构式,其构式义为"言者(或言者认为某行为主体应该)主观上倾向于选择‘X’动作或处于‘X’状态"。该结构的构式化机制是"重新分析"和"类推",结构隐喻是其得以构式化的根本动因。"反预期""申辩""主观高量评价"为该构式的主要话语功能。

Based on the theory of the Construction Grammar, this paper discusses the appropriate context, constructionalization and discourse functions of ＂X hal laibuji ne＇＂ structure. According to the paper, ＂X hal laibuji ne＂ has a unified cognitive function, it is a subjective inclination construction. The meaning of the construction is： ＂the speaker （or the speaker thinks the behavioral agent should） be/is inclined to selecting the action of＂X＂ or being in a state of＂X＇. The mechanism of the constructionalization of the ＂X hal laibuji ne＂ construction is reanalysis and analogy, and the grammatical metaphor is the basic motivation of the constructionalization. ＂Counterxpectation＂, ＂explaination＂ and ＂subjective high degree-evaluation＂ are the unique discourse functions of the construction.