山西省免费医学生的培养体制和现状调查分析

Survey and analysis on the cultivation system for tuition-free medical students and its current situation in Shanxi Province

目的为了更加深刻地认识农村订单定向医学生的培养现状及职业规划情况,分析其中潜在的问题,并提出合理建议,希望为培养高素质的基层医疗卫生人才提供参考依据。方法将本次调查对象分为在校免费医学生和已毕业免费医学生两部分。首先调查了山西医科大学及长治医学院的395名在校免费医学生,并对个别学生进行深入访谈;同时向2015年和2016年毕业的免费医学生发放了100份问卷,回收有效问卷83份,个人访谈10次。结果在校免费医学定向生入学动机的总体情况中,就业因素(27.5%)位居第一,排在其后的依次是个人分数因素(21.4%)、家庭因素(18.9%)、他人影响(15.5%);在已毕业免费医学生中,2015年毕业生中愿意选择留任的学生仅有27.8%,2016年毕业生中愿意选择留任的学生仅有23.4%,绝大部分免费医学生依旧希望去往三级甲等医院或继续学习。结论免费医学定向生的培养存在模式不成熟、培养条件不完善尚需建设等问题,据此提出了四点对策建议。

Objective The paper aims to have a deeper understanding of the current cultivation situation and career planning of rural order-oriented medical students, analyze potential problems, and put forward reasonable suggestions in the hope of providing reference basis for the cultivation of high-quality talents for basic medical and health institutions. Method The respondents were divided into tuition-free medical students studying in university college and having graduated. Firstly, 395 tuition-free medical students studying in Shanxi Medical University and Changzhi Medical College were surveyed, and in-depth interview was carried out with individual students; meanwhile, 100 questionnaires were issued to tuition-free medical students who graduated in 2015 and 2016, with 83 valid questionnaires collected, and 10 individual interviews were carried out. Result Among the enrollment motivations of tuition-free medical students studying in university college, employment factor（27.5%） ranked first, followed by personal score factor（21.4%）, family factor（18.9%）, and influence of other people（15.5%）. Among the tuition-free medical students having graduated, merely 27.8% of those graduating in 2015 were willing to stay, and the proportion of those graduating in 2016 and willing to stay was only 23.4%; most of the tuition-free medical students still hoped to go to Grade-A Class-3 hospitals or continue studying. Conclusion There are such problems as immature model, incomplete conditions, need for further construction, etc. existing in the cultivation of tuition-free medical students, and four countermeasures are proposed accordingly.