美国中小学设计型学习新进展:案例与启示

New Development of Design-based Learning in American Primary and Secondary Schools:Cases and Implications

设计型学习融合了"探究"与"设计"两类学习活动,在美国基础教育领域应用广泛。研究表明,设计型学习是一种能够有效提升学生21世纪技能的教学模式。对此,文章从教学层面切入,运用文献研究法与案例分析法,在系统梳理美国设计型学习发展历程的基础上,对一个设计型学习典型案例"San Andres Timilpan",从案例结构、案例过程和案例效果等三个层面进行深入剖析,总结其特点与启示,包括学习活动问题化、学习方式深度化、学习内容融合化、学习支架明确化、学习过程迭代化和学习成果可视化。以期为我国创造性人才的培养,从教学层面提供参考与借鉴。

Design-based learning combines inquiry learning and design learning and it is widely used in K-12 in America. Design-based learning is an effective instructional mode to improve students＇ 21 st century skills. By literature review and case study, this paper systematically reviews the development of design-based learning in the US from the perspective of instruction and deeply analyzes ＂San Andres Timilpan＂, a typical case of design-based learning, from its structure, process and effects. Finally, the characteristics and applications of the case have been summarized, including problematizing learningactivities, deepening learning manner, integrating learning content, clarifying leaning scaffolds, iterating learning process and visualizing learning achievements, which can provide reference for the cultivation of innovative talents in China.