关中地区县域乡村类型划分及乡村性时空差异分析

Analysis of Rural Classification and Rurality Spatial and Temporal Disparities of Guanzhong Region

乡村地域是城乡发展的重要载体,乡村类型和乡村性研究为挖掘乡村发展动力和构建空间发展模式提供有效支撑。本文对2005—2014年关中地区县域乡村类型进行划分,并借助GIS和Matlab分析工具,运用空间自相关测度模型对2005年以来关中地区县域尺度乡村性发展演变和空间格局进行研究。结果表明:关中地区均衡发展型的乡村占52.08%,商旅型比重最少,仅占12.50%。十年内约65%的乡村发展类型转变,多转向均衡发展型,方向明确。乡村性发展空间自相关性较明显,在金台区、凤县和渭滨区出现低值集聚,在淳化、永寿、乾县出现高值集聚。空间格局从点核集聚逐步向均衡发展转变,区域空间差异明显减弱,乡村性整体格局趋于均衡。

Rural area is the important carrier of urban-rural development. To study rural type and rurality provides effective support for exploring the rural development power and building the space development pattern. This paper classifies the rural type among 2005 and 2014, builds rural index RI, analysis the rurality evolution and spatial pattern of Guanzhong region using the spatial autocorrelation measurement model with GIS and Matlab. The result shows： the balanced developmental country, accounted for 52.08%, the proportion of business at least, only accounted for 12.50%. About 65% of the rural transform the ttpe in 10 years, having a clear direction to balance development-orieuted. The trend of rurality space correlation is obvious, with the cold cluster in Jintai district, Feng Xian county and Wei Bin district, while the hot cluster in Chunhua, Yongshou and Qianxian county： Space pattern develops from point-nuclear agglomeration to balanced development, regional spatial differences decreased significantly, rural integral pattern tends to equilibrium.