儿童侵袭性肺部真菌感染胸部CT表现的影响因素

Influencing factors on chest CT characteristic changes in children with invasive pulmonary fungal infections

目的 分析总结儿童侵袭性肺部真菌感染（invasive pulmonary fungal infections,IPFIs）患儿胸部CT表现特征,并探讨影响IPFIs患儿胸部CT的影响因素.方法 采用回顾性病例对照研究方法,选取2014年10月至2016年10月在本院呼吸内科、儿童重症监护病房、血液内科住院患儿中符合IPFIs临床诊断的97例患儿为研究对象,根据患儿胸部CT表现分为CT特征性改变组（39例）和CT非特征性改变组（58例）.应用非条件多因素Logistic回归分析明确IPFIs患儿CT特征性改变的独立影响因素.结果 CT特征性改变组的≤3岁婴幼儿、念珠菌、入住ICU的比例低于CT非特征性改变组（P〈0.05）;CT特征性改变组的〉3岁儿童、中性粒细胞减少、曲霉菌、中心静脉置管、血液系统恶性肿瘤的比例高于CT非特征性改变组（P〈0.05）.多因素Logistic回归分析显示血液系统恶性肿瘤是IPFIs患儿CT特征性改变的独立影响因素.结论 当血液系统恶性肿瘤患儿出现发热、咳嗽等感染症状,胸部CT表现以特征性改变为主时,需警惕曲霉菌感染,经验性抗真菌治疗要有所侧重.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of chest CT in children with invasive pulmonary fungal infections（IPFIs）,and to explore the influencing factors on chest CT manifestations in children with IPFIs.Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted to select 97 children with IPFIs from October 2010 to October 2016 in the department of respiratory medicine,PICU and hematology.The children were divided into CT characteristic change group（39 cases） and CT non-characteristic change group（58 cases） according to the chest CT manifestations. Non-conditional multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent influencing factors of CT characteristic changes in children with IPFIs. Results The ratios of less than 3-year-old infants, Candida, the proportion of ICU admission in the CT characteristic change group were lower than those in the CT non-characteristic change group（P〈0.05）. The proportions of more than 3-year-old, neutropenia,Aspergillus,central venous catheter,hematological malig-nancies were higher than those in the CT non-characteristic change group（P〈0.05）.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the hematological malignancies was an independent influencing factor for the characteristic changes of CT in children with IPFIs.Conclusion When children with blood system malignant tumors manifest as fever,cough and other symptoms of infection,chest CT manifestations show characteristic changes,Aspergillus infection should be considered,and empirical antifungal treatment should be focused.