清代皇子教育与经筵制度关系探析

The Relationship Between the Educational System of Princes and Jingyan(经筵)(the educational system of the emperor) in Qing Dynasty

清代的皇子教育制度随着清朝的建立、发展、强大,逐步趋于完备,即使在清末国势衰败的情形下,皇子教育依旧是政务中的重点;经筵制度恰恰相反。清代的经筵制度在康熙朝前期达到鼎盛,康熙中期以后经筵制度开始衰落,之后经筵制度成为仅仅具有象征意义的典礼。两种制度呈现出互为消长的趋势,皇子教育不完备时,经筵制度普遍受到关注并得到了有效的实施;随着皇子教育逐渐完备,经筵制度具有的教育功能大大减弱,最终流于形式;到了清朝晚期,皇子教育模式甚至完全替代了经筵制度。

In the Qing dynasty, the educational system of the princes was more and more regular with the establishment, development and grandness of the Qing Empire. But Jingyan demonstrated the different trend, and it was more and more decadent. On the whole, the two systems were in the state of the growth and decline of each other. Even in the final state of the Qing dynasty, Jingyan was taken over by educational system of princes.