小型四旋翼无人机空气质量监测仪设计

Design of air quality monitor for small quadrotor UAV

及时有效地获取空气质量数据是大气环境保护的前提和基础。针对现有固定点监测手段空间覆盖度不足、成本高、灵活性差等问题,设计一种基于小型四旋翼无人机为飞行平台,Arduino UNO开发板外接MG811,DSM501A,DHT11,MQ-7传感器为硬件平台,Arduino IDE编译器为软件平台的监测仪。采用接触式周期采样方法获取环境数据模拟值,建立与传感器灵敏度关系,使用Matlab中CURVE FITTING TOOL对传感器灵敏度与被测物浓度关系进行拟合分析。拟合后,可决系数大于0.98,方差小于0.1。该自主设计的监测仪具有成本低、易操作、灵活方便的优点,并可扩展其他类型传感器以满足不同的测量环境要求。

The timely and effective acquisition of air quality data is the premise and foundation of atmospheric environmen- tal protection. In view of the insufficient space coverage, high cost and poor flexibility existing in the fixed-point monitoring means, a monitor is designed, which takes the small quadrotor UAV n as its flight platform, the Arduino UNO development board connecting MG811, DSM501A, DHT11 and MQ-7 sensors outside as its hardware platform, and the Arduino IDE compiler as its software platform. The contact-type periodic sampling method is used to acquire the simulation value of environmental da- ta, and establish the relationship between the sensitivity of the sensor and simulation value. The CURVE FITTING TOOL in Mat- lab is adopted to conduct fitting analysis for the sensitivity of the sensor and concentration of analyte. The fitting results show that the coefficient of determination is above 0.98, and the variance is less than 0.1. The autonomously-designed monitor has the advantages of low cost, easy operation, flexible and convenient use, and can be extended to other types of sensors to meet the requirements of different measurement environments.