响应面法优化天贝油脂超临界CO_2萃取工艺

Response surface methodology applied to the optimization for supercritical CO_2 extraction of the lipids from tempeh

目的优化超临界CO2萃取天贝油脂成分的工艺,改善天贝油脂的组分配比。方法根据单因素实验,选取萃取温度、萃取压力和天贝水分含量作为考察因素,运用高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测(HPLC-ELSD)及高效液相色谱-大气压化学电离质谱(HPLC-APCI-MS)分析天贝超临界CO2萃取物(TE-C)的化学组成,采用TE-C各组分加权后的萃取量作为考察指标,通过Box-Behnken中心组合设计的响应面法(RSM)优化TE-C的萃取工艺。结果 TE-C由组分Ⅰ(脂肪酸类组分)、组分Ⅱ(甘油二酯类组分)、组分Ⅲ(甘油三酯类组分)组成;TE-C超临界CO2萃取的最优工艺为萃取温度50℃,萃取压力25 MPa,天贝水分含量1.99%,萃取时间1.5 h。结论在最优萃取工艺条件下,TE-C组分加权萃取量的实际值为(5.97±0.15)g/100 g。

Objective To optimize the supercritical carbon dioxide（SC-CO2）extraction of lipids from tempeh（TE-C）and further improve the lipid classes ratio. Methods The experimental parameters of SC-CO2 extraction including extraction temperature,pressure,and moisture content of tempeh were optimized using a Box-Behnken design combined with response surface methodology（RSM）,according to the weighted extraction ratio of TE-C and lipid classes after the experimental results of single factors. Detailed chemical compositions of TE-C obtained by optimum conditions of SC-CO2 extraction were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with an evaporative light-scattering detector（HPLC-ELSD）and high performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry（HPLC-APCI-MS）. Results TE-C was composed of three lipid classes：fatty acids（Ⅰ）,diacylglycerols（Ⅱ）and triacylglycerols（Ⅲ）. The optimum SC-CO2 extraction conditions of TE-C were 50℃ extraction temperature,25 MPa pressure,1.99% moisture content of tempeh and 1.5 hour extraction time. Conclusion The optimum value of RSM for SCCO2 extraction was（5.97±0.15）g/100 g.