超声新技术在甲状腺结节良恶性鉴别诊断中的研究进展

Research Progress of New Ultrasound Technique in Differential Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Nodules

甲状腺结节疾病是临床常见病和多发病,其检出率呈逐年上升趋势。随着影像医学的快速发展,超声新技术在甲状腺疾病领域中的应用日益广泛。超微血流成像以显示病灶内超低速血流来提高甲状腺良恶性结节的诊断。剪切波弹性成像对病灶进行多点、定量、更客观的良恶性评估。三维能量多普勒立体地提供了病灶良恶性诊断的新线索。超声造影通过显示微细血流灌注情况弥补了常规超声的不足。甲状腺穿刺活检提供了更加精准的诊断依据。这些新技术的应用,不仅为早期鉴别甲状腺结节良恶性提供了更有用的信息,也为临床诊疗提供了新思路和新方向。

Thyroid disease is a common clinical disease, and its incidence is increasing year by year. With the rapid development of medical imaging, the application of new technology in the field of ultrasound in thyroid disease is increasingly extensive. Superb microvascular imaging can improve the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules by showing the ultra-low flow in the lesions. Real-time shearwave elastography can provide more quantitative, more objective evaluation of benign and malignant lesions. Three-dimensional power Doppler stereo provides new clues to differentiate benign and malignant features. The contrast-enhanced ultrasonography makes up for the deficiency of conventional ultrasound by showing micro vascular perfusion. Thyroid needle biopsy provides a more accurate diagnosis. The application of these new technologies, not only provides more useful information for early identification of benign and malignant thyroid nodules, but also provides new ideas and new directions for the clinical diagnosis and treatment.