家庭消费与居民幸福——基于CGSS2013的实证分析

本文利用2013年"中国社会综合调查"(CGSS)的数据,采用ordered probit计量模型,从实证的角度重点考察家庭各项主要消费以及家庭人均年收入对居民幸福的影响。研究发现,幸福效应的强度由大到小依次为汽车消费、餐馆聚餐、家庭人均年收入、住房消费,而高档耐用品消费、品牌商场购物对于居民幸福的影响并不显著。通过分区域、分户籍的分析说明了消费结构的差异性对居民幸福的影响。基于此,研究认为消费水平的提升和消费结构的优化共同作用才能产生更好的更持续的幸福效应,并且提出从消费观念和模式来控制"幸福成本",本文为政府逐步引导和改善居民消费水平、增进居民幸福感提供了可靠的政策依据。

Based on the data of Chinese General Social Survey （CGSS） in 2013, using Ordered Probit estimation methods, this paper verifies how family consumption affects the residents＂ happiness. The result shows that the strength of the happiness effect is car consumption, restaurant dinner, family per capita annual income and housing consumption in descending order, and meanwhile the effects of high-grade durable goods consumption and brand shopping malls for the residents＂ happiness are not significant. Through the analysis of different regions and household registrations, this paper also shows the consumption structure effects on the residents＂ happiness. The research suggests that the combination of the improvement of consumption level and the optimization of consumption structure could produce better and more sustained happiness effects and proposes to control ＂happiness cost＂ through improving consumption concepts and patterns. Therefore, this paper gives some suggestion on gradually guiding and improving residents＂ consumption levels and enhancing the residents＂ happiness.