思辨实在论与《隐者的故事》的后自然书写

Speculative Realism and Post-Nature Writing in “The Hermit's Story”

当代美国声名渐起的自然书写作家瑞克·巴斯的自然想象体现了与之前生态文学的特异性,这与西方近年兴起的"思辨实在论"异曲同工。《隐者的故事》集中体现了他"思辨实在"式的后自然想象:自然有其逻辑系统不依赖人类意识而存在,人类作为自然的组成部分也是超越理性的物性存在。巴斯的"思辨实在"式后自然想象召唤读者走进"实在"的自然,从而有别于传统生态文学。

As a rising contemporary nature writer, Rick Bass shows in his writ- ing some unique features distinct from previous eco-literature, features in alignment with ＂speculative realism,＂ a newly-emergent school of philosophy. ＂The Hermit＇s Story,＂ published in 1999, is representative of what can be called speculative realist post-nature writing： nature has its own system of logic independent of human perception, and as one integral part of nature, human beings have their own materiality beyond rationality. In this story, Bass makes an attempt to bring his readers into the ＂real＂ nature, thus differing from the anthropocentric traditional nature writing, which either describes the Utopian beauty of nature or makes futile appeals to protect it.