自由意志与理性意志的交锋——论《途中》杀妻行为的伦理阐释

The Confrontation Between Free Will and Rational Will——An Ethical Interpretation of “Ways to Play Wife”

日本唯美派作家谷崎润一郎的小说《途中》讲述一个骇人听闻的伦理故事,表现了浓厚的伦理教诲。本文运用文学伦理学批评方法,从自由意志与杀妻缘起、理性意志与杀妻惩罚以及杀妻行为与伦理警示三个方面分析杀妻的伦理内涵,揭示谷崎短篇小说创作的特质,其中表现出鲜明的双重性,呈现出艺术与道德的冲突与矛盾。谷崎笔下的人物不是被任意图解和断裂的人,人物的杀妻行为对于当下夫妻伦理关系的构建有着重要的道德警示作用。

Japanese aestheticist novelist Tanazaki Junichiro＇s story ＂On The Way＂ tells an appalling ethical story that conveys strong ethical messages. This article takes the approach of literary ethics to analyze its ethical implications from three aspects, that is, the free will and the cause of murder, the rational will and the punishment of crime, and the act of killing a wife and the ethical warning. The story reveals the charac- teristics of Tanazaki＇s writing, presenting the conflicts and contradictions between art and morality. His characters are not arbitrary diagrams or disjointed human beings, and their behavior provides an important moral warning for the relationship construction between husbands and wives.