膝上外侧血管蒂阔筋膜瓣移位修复膝关节软骨缺损的应用解剖

Applied anatomy of wide fascia flap pedicled with lateral superior genicular vessel for repair of genicular articular cartilage defect

目的 为膝上外侧血管蒂阔筋膜瓣移位修复膝关节软骨缺损提供解剖学依据。方法在 30侧经动脉灌注红色乳胶的成人下肢标本上 ,解剖观测膝上外侧动脉 (LSGA)的起始、走行、分支、分布及吻合等情况。结果 膝上外侧动脉于腓骨头最突出点近侧垂直距离 (6 .1± 1 .1 )cm处起自月国动脉 ,起始动脉外径 (1 .7± 0 .3)mm。起始后沿股骨后外侧向前外侧上行 ,分为升、降支 ,升降支共发 2～ 5支穿支进入阔筋膜 ,穿支血管外径 0 .2～ 0 .8mm ,这些阔筋膜穿支与旋股外侧动脉降支及膝网相互吻合。结论 可设计以膝上外侧血管为蒂的阔筋膜瓣移位术修复膝关节软骨缺损。

Objective To provide anatomical basis for transposition of wide fascia flap pedicled with lateral suuperior genicular artery (LSGA) for repair of genicular aticular cartilage defect.Methods The origins, courses, branches, distribution and anastomosis of LSGA were observed on 30 adult cadavers perfused with red latex.Results LSGA originated from popliteal artery on proximal vertical distance (6.1±1.1)?cm of top of fibular head. Its average outer diameter was (1.7±0.3)?mm and LSGA accompanied by two veins. Then LSGA ascended from lateral posterior to lateral anterior. LSGA gave off ascending and descending branches. And the branches gave off 2-5 perforating vessels for wide fascia. Its outer diameter was 0.2-0.8?mm. These vessels anastomosed with descending branches of lateral circumflex femoral arteries and genicular vessel net.Conclusion The transposition of wide fascia flap pedicled with LSGA may be designed for repairing defect of genicular articular cartilage defect.