论金代文士题画诗的美学思想

On the Aesthetics Ideology of the Literati' Poems in Paintings of Jin Dynasty

金代文士是站在文人画的角度用诗画同宗的理论来品评画作的,其题画诗的美学思想继承了古代特别是苏轼等人的"重神轻形"的理论,表现出了"以神写形""寓意于物"的诗化倾向,在北宋文人画理论与元初文人画理论之间架构起重要的桥梁作用。创作上,崇尚"师法造化"的创作方法,重视"经营惨淡"的内心体悟,追求"解衣盘礡"创作状态,对创作主体由外到内形成了系统的理论主张,具有重要的指导意义。

Based on the Literati paintings, the literati in Jin dynasty commented the paintings with the theory of poetry and painting as same clan. The aesthetics ideology of the poems in paintings inherited ancient theory, especially the theory of ＂valuing spirit overlooking versification＂, which is adhered by the poets such as Sushi. The aesthetics ideology shows the poetic tendency of ＂embodying spirits in objects＂ ＂express the versifications by spirits＂. The aesthetics ideology bridged the literati painting theories be- tween the Northern Song dynasty and the early period in Yuan dynasty. The creation modes of ＂learning from nature＂are advocated, the inner feelings of ＂composing diligently＂ are emphasized, the creation states of ＂absorbed in painting＇are pursued. The systematic theory for subject of creations is formed from exter- nal to internal, which has important guiding significances.