碳纤复合材料汽车蓄电池壳体优化设计

Optimal Design of Automobile Battery Shell Made of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites

碳纤维增强复合材料具有比强度高、比模量高、耐腐蚀性好等诸多优异性能,在汽车结构中得到了广泛的应用。利用Altair OptiStruct软件建立了电池壳体有限元模型,对汽车蓄电池壳体结构进行了优化设计。整个汽车蓄电池壳体优化过程包括三个阶段:概念设计阶段、系统设计阶段、详细设计阶段。首先,在概念设计阶段利用自由尺寸优化模块确定了铺层块的形状;然后,在系统设计阶段利用尺寸优化模块完成了铺层厚度的优化;最后,在详细设计阶段利用铺层顺序优化模块完成了铺层顺序的优化。优化结果表明,通过优化设计能减轻电池壳体的重量,减重比高达66%,优化效果明显。

Carbon fiber reinforced composites have many advantages such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, good corrosion resistance and so on. It has been widely used in automobile structure. Based on Altair OptiStruct software, the finite element model of the battery shell is established, automotive battery shell structure was optimized, The entire vehicle battery shell optimization process consists of three stages ：conceptual design phase, system design phase, detailed design phase. Firstly, utilizingthe free size optimization module, determiningthe shape of the laminate in the conceptual design stage; Then, the optimization of the laying thickness is finished by the size optimization module in the system design stage; Finally, the stacking sequence optimization is finished by using the layer sequence optimization module in the detailed design stage. The optimization results show that the optimization design can reduce the weight of the battery shell and the optimization effect is obvious.