宗教视阈下中俄圣愚形象比较研究

Comparison of Holy Fool Images in China and Russia Under the View of Religion

"圣愚"一词源于古斯拉夫语,指为了基督的愚痴或苦行的圣者。圣愚是宗教信仰与世俗社会融合的产物。圣愚外表邋遢、行为怪诞,但内心纯洁、信仰坚定,具有济世度人的情怀和预测未来的能力。圣愚形象也体现了人类对摆脱世俗生活羁绊、涤净心灵污垢、追求道德完善的渴望。俄罗斯的东正教和中国的佛教在两种截然不同的文化背景中催生出了一种既相似、又不同的圣愚形象,并通过两国丰富多彩的文学作品表现出来。对根植于宗教土壤上的圣愚形象进行对比研究,既可以诠释古老圣愚传统所具有的现实意义,也可以为圣愚形象研究提供新的视角。

The word ＂holy-fool＂ comes from Old Slavic language,which refers to those ascetic saints who are foolishly loyal to Christianity.Holy-fool is a combination of religion belief and secular society.Holy fools always appear with dirty clothes and strange behavior,but they have got pure hearts and strong belief,along with the feelings of saving people and the capacity of predicting the future.Holy-fool-image also reflects people＇s desire to get rid of the fetters in secular world,to wash up the dirt in soul,and to pursue the perfection in morality.Russian Eastern Orthodox and Chinese Buddhism root in two vastly different culture backgrounds,and they breed two kinds of holy-fool-image which are both the same and quiet different,and are expressed through variety literary works of the two countries.To compare the holy-fool-images which are based on religion belief can both annotate the realistic significance of holy-fool tradition and provide new viewpoints to the study of holy-fool-image.