中国传统伦理文化体系的现代转向——基于政治统治史的分析

On the Modern Turn of Chinese Traditional Ethical Culture

中国传统伦理文化体系是以"天人合一"的世界观、以仁为宗的价值观和成圣成贤的人生观三者的"三位一体"。它具有封闭性、循环性和稳定性的特点。传统伦理文化体系在明朝中叶发生"松动",在哲学上的表现主要是阳明心学的兴起与其客观上造成的肯定人的价值的思潮,以及心学引起的明清启蒙哲学的文化现象。鸦片战争后,随着西方文明的入侵和中国社会超稳定结构被破坏,传统伦理文化体系遂走向瓦解。马克思主义和自由主义对传统伦理文化的现代转向具有重要的积极作用,同时其自身异质性的因素也为新的文化体系的形成带来了挑战。

Chinese traditional ethics system is based on the theory that man is an integral part of nature,benevolence is the core value,and sages and men of virtue are the supreme goal.The three are trinitarian.Chinese traditional ethics culture system is in nature closed,circular and stable,which became less connected in the middle of the Ming Dynasty,when the value of human thought was affirmed by the rise of Yangming philosophy,as well as the Ming and Qing Dynasties＇enlightenment philosophy.After the Opium War,with the invasion of Western civilization and the destruction of China social super structure,the traditional system of ethical culture was disintegrated.The Marxist doctrine and the liberalism had an important positive role for the modern transformation of traditional ethic culture.And all these have posed challenges for the formation of new cultural system.