煤焦油中固体颗粒物的分析与表征

Analysis and Characterization of Quinoline Insolubles in Coal Tar

煤焦油中的固体颗粒物对热解聚合和炭化产物的显微结构具有重要的作用。由于受原料、焦炉结构和炼焦条件的影响,固体颗粒物的组成、结构和粒径分布存在较大的差别。为了解析煤焦油中的固体颗粒物(喹啉不溶物,QI)对沥青炭化过程的影响,对从煤焦油中分离出的固体颗粒物进行了元素分析、粒径分析、扫描电镜及能谱分析、X射线衍射分析及热重分析,考察了固体颗粒物对煤焦油沥青炭化产物显微结构的影响。结果表明,煤焦油中固体颗粒物大多呈现圆形结构,部分是圆形颗粒物的聚集体,其收率为3.44%,95.29%的固体颗粒小于10μm。颗粒物主要是碳的聚合物,约占98%,尚有少量的无机金属物质,以铁、钙、铝和硅等为主,这与炼焦过程有关。颗粒物的存在倾向于生成具有镶嵌结构的生焦,因此制备优质炭素材料需要有效地脱除固体颗粒物。

Solid particles in the coal tar have an important effect on pyrolysis and condensation,as well as the microstructure of carbonized products.Due to the influence of raw material,structure of coke oven and coking conditions,there are big differences between the composition,structure,and particle size distribution of solid particles.In order to analyze the influence of these solid particles（often referred to as quinoline insolubles,QI）in coal tar on carbonization process of pitch,elemental analysis,particle size analysis,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）analysis,energy spectrum analysis,X-ray diffraction analysis and thermogravimetric analysis of the solid particles separated from coal tar were conducted,and their influence on the microstructure of coal tar pitch carbonized products was investigated.Results indicated that most of these particles were round,and some of them were aggregated,the yield was 3.44%,95.29% of them were less than 10μm.These particles mainly consisted of carbon,and content of carbon was about 98%.There were also some inorganic metallic elements,such as iron,calcium,aluminum,and silicon etc.This might be related to the coking process.The presence of solid particles tends to generate a Mosaic structure of green coke,therefore the preparation of high quality carbon materials needs to effectively remove these particles.