四至六年级汉语儿童英语拼写模式研究

English Spelling Patterns of Fourth,Fifth and Sixth Graders

本研究以汉语儿童的英语拼写错误为切入点,系统考察不同年级儿童在各类拼写模式上的表现。结果发现:(1)四年级儿童的拼写水平最高,五年级最低,六年级居中。(2)四年级儿童在拼写模式上的失误最少,五年级失误最多,六年级出现一定的改善。(3)部分模式相对容易;部分模式有一定难度,但是儿童在一定时间内进步显著;部分模式相对较难,进步不明显。结果表明,整词法长期来看不利于儿童拼写能力的发展,拼写教学建议以教授拼写模式为主。

A 22-word dictation test with various spelling patterns was administered to fourth,fifth and sixth Chinese graders(N = 150).The results are as follows:(1) the spelling ability of Chinese children does not necessarily increase with their learning experience.The spelling performance for this sample,ranging from best to worst,was fourth,sixth and fifth graders.In practice a whole word approach was adopted by the students in the fourth grade,which did not work well for those in higher grades.(2) The fourth graders correctly represented most of the spelling patterns.Yet the fifth graders correctly represented 75% or less for 13 out of the 14 spelling patterns.And the sixth grade participants made noticeable progress in their spelling patterns.(3) As for their development,the spelling patterns exhibit significant difference.Some patterns(such as s-blend initials) are comparatively easy for the participants; some(like long vowels) are difficult,but children are likely to make progress over a period of time,while others(like short vowels) are too difficult to be grasped by children.The results indicate that the full-word approach may help to improve the children's spelling in a short term,but would not benefit their spelling in the long term.