集训期新兵适应障碍与心理安全感的关系

Relationship of Adjustment Disorders and Psychological Security in New Recruits During Training

目的:探讨入伍新兵在集训期适应障碍与心理安全感的关系。方法:采用自制调查表收集诊断为适应障碍的集训期新兵(适应障碍组,n=29)一般人口学资料,同时进行安全感量表、军人心理应激自评问卷测定;采用整群抽样,同期选取某集训基地的健康新兵(对照组,n=353)作为对照,进行结果比较分析。结果:(1)与对照组相比,适应障碍组受教育年限显著较低(t=-2.590,P=0.010),单亲家庭(χ~2=5.471,P=0.019)比例显著较高;(2)与对照组相比,适应障碍组安全感量表总分(t=-4.306,P=0.000)、人际安全感因子分(t=-4.357,P=0.000)、确定控制感因子分(t=-2.069,P=0.037)显著较低。经协方差分析,调整受教育年限、是否单亲家庭因素的影响后,上述组间差异性仍显著(F=17.550,20.498,5.360;P=0.000,0.000,0.021);(3)包括适应障碍组、对照组的所有受试对象(n=382)的军人心理应激自评问卷得分,与安全感量表总分(r=-0.218,P=0.000)、人际安全感因子分(r=-0.197,P=0.000)、确定控制感因子分(r=-0.132,P=0.010)负相关;(4)Logistic回归分析显示,安全感量表总分(β=-0.079,P=0.000)、受教育年限(β=-0.345,P=0.000)可逆向预测集训期新兵适应障碍的发生。结论:心理安全感对集训期新兵适应障碍有一定的保护性作用,心理安全感低可能是集训期新兵出现适应障碍的一个危险因素。

Objective： To explore the relationship between adjustment disorders and psychological security in new recruits during training.Methods：A total of 29 new recruits with adjustment disorders were investigated with self-- administered questionnaire on social -- demographics characteristic, security questionnaire （ SQ）, and psychological stress self--evaluation test（PSET）.A total of 353 cluster--sampled new recruits were included as controls to be compared with cases. Results： Compared with controls, the new recruits with adjustment disorders had significant lower schooling years （t=-2.590,P〈O.05） and more single--parent family modality（Z2 =5.471 ,P〈0.05）.The to- tal scores（t =-4.306, P ~0.001）, interpersonal security scores （t =-4.357,P〈0.001）, and certainty in control scores （t =-2.069 ,P〈 0.05） of SQ were lower in cases than those in controls.The differences were significant after schooling years and more single -- parent family modality adjustment （F = 17. 550,20. 498,5. 360 ; P 〈0.05 ）. The scores of PSET were negatively correlated with the total scores（r=-0.218 ,P〈0.001） ,interpersonal security scores （ r = -0.197, P = 0.001）, and certainty in control scores（r = - 0.132, P〈0.05） of SQ in all subjects（n = 382） .Multiple logistic regression showed that the total scores of SQ （β= 0.079, P〈0.001） and schooling year （β = 0. 345, P〈0.001） were reverse predictor of adjustment disorders in new recruits during training.Conclusion：Psychological secu- rity may have helpful roles in adjustment disorders of new recruits.Insufficient psychological security may be a risk factor of adjustment disorders in new recruits.