渤海沿岸流季节变化对青岛冷水团影响的初步分析

Effects of the Seasonal Variability of the Bohai Sea Coastal Current on the Qingdao Cold Water Mass

青岛冷水团位于青岛外海海域,具有独特的温盐结构和生消规律,对近海水文和周围渔场有重要的影响。利用世界海洋数据库(WOD2013)和中国科学院海洋研究所开放航次的黄海断面观测资料,及ROMS区域海洋模式,对青岛冷水团的形成机制和演化过程进行了研究。结果表明,青岛冷水团3月初现,4月形成,5月达到鼎盛,6、7月逐渐与黄海冷水团融合,8月开始衰减至10月消亡。渤海沿岸流秋冬季为北风驱动的正压流,其携带的山东半岛北岸的低温水为青岛冷水团的形成提供水源;春夏季为冷水团密度环流,输运到青岛冷水团和黄海西侧冷水团之间的低温水促进了两水团的融合,加快青岛冷水团的消亡。

The Qingdao Cold Water Mass（QCWM）,located in the offshore waters of Qingdao,has remarkable seasonal variability with unique temperature and salinity structure and significant impact on the fisheries and hydrological conditions in that region.In this paper,the formation and evolution of the QCWM are analyzed based on observations from the World Ocean Database（WOD2013）and cruises conducted by the Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences as well as numerical simulations of the Regional Ocean Modeling System（ROMS）.The results show that the QCWM appears in March,forms in April,and peaks in May.It merges with the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass（YSCWM）in June,then starts to decay in August and diminishes in October.The Bohai Sea Coastal Current（BSCC）is barotropic current driven by the north wind during autumn and winter,which transports the low temperature water from the north coast of Shandong Peninsula to the QCWM.The BSCC is density circulation from spring to summer,which transports the cold water to the area between the QCWM and the west of the YSCWM and can decay the QCWM.