宗教捐赠行为与创业企业规模——基于控制幻觉理论的解释

Religious Donation Activity and Enterprise Scale—— An Explanation Based on the Theory of Illusion of Control

宗教行为如何影响组织或管理者的行为已经成为管理学与宗教学关注的热点,已有很多研究证明了宗教会影响创业者的创业倾向。但是,创业者的宗教行为是否会对创业组织的特征产生影响,这一问题还没有得到充分研究。本文运用心理学中的控制幻觉理论来解释创业者的宗教捐赠行为与创业者所创立的企业规模之间的关系,并运用中国环渤海地区农民创业者的数据验证了研究假设。研究发现,宗教捐赠行为越频繁的创业者越倾向于创立规模较大的企业,这一效应在创业者的成就需要和企业的先动性较强时更加明显。本文不仅为创业者认知与创业组织间关系的研究提供了一个新的研究框架,也为创业者正确认识宗教行为和有效实施企业扩张提供了一定的借鉴和指导。

Nowadays a lot of Chinese successful entrepreneurs begin to admit their religious belief and donate their assets to temples. Based on the China？ s Religion Report, nearly 240 million people in China believe in reli-gions. How religious donation activity affects peopled behavior has become the current popular topic of management and religious interdisciplinary, and there are already many studies have proved that religion will affect the entrepre-neurial tendencies of entrepreneurs. But whether the religious donation activity of entrepreneurs will have an impact on enterprise behavior, this issue has not been concerned about. Besides, current studies in our country usually fol-low the western patterns, which are giving the explanation from the religious doctrine. These patterns are not only in-consistent with our country^ context,but also not scientific and not admitted by the major management scholars. This paper uses the theory of illusion of control in psychology to explain the relationship between the strength of the reli-gious donation activity of the entrepreneur and the expansion of the enterprise.This paper uses the data of entrepreneurs in the Bohai Rim region of China to analyze the influence of entrepre-neurial religious donation activity. The article takes the illusion of control theory in the field of psychology as thetheoretical basis,the entrepreneurs religious donation behavior as the pre-variable influencing the expansion of the start-up enterprise, and the need for achievement of the entrepreneur himself and the proactiveness of the enterprise as the moderate variable. This paper is an interdisciplinary study of religion and management, which establishes an analytical framework for the relationship between religious donation activity and organizational behavior,that is,the effect of religious donation activity on organizational behavior is achieved by making the entrepreneurs get the illu-sion that they can control the development path of the enterprise. Control of hallucinations as a member of the organ-ization does not consciously produce psychological phenomena, in their unconscious circumstances affect their be- havior,change their decision making within the organization,thus affecting the organizational behavior. In addition, this article also provides a new perspective to explain the expansion of start-up enterprises, the article believes that the entrepreneurs religious activity will lead to their illusion of control, and thus more willing to expand the scale of business. When the entrepreneurs need for achievement and EO proactiveness are higher,the intensity of religiousactivity has a stronger impact on the expansion of the enterprises.The inspiration of the study is that illusion of control is one of the important characteristics of entrepreneurs who conduct religious donation activity. It can be inferred that entrepreneurs who conduct religious activities are op-erating in comparison with those who do not conduct religious activities. They are more confident in making deci-sions ,so they are more likely to produce a phenomenon that expansion of the scale of enterprises. This means that now many of our country？ s successful entrepreneurs？ religious propaganda may attract some entrepreneurs to follow the religious activity. Thus,the scale expansion of enterprise is too fast,resulting in the development of China’s small and medium enterprises thriving illusion. As the illusion of control after the entrepreneurs religious activity will notreally improve their true control ability, therefore, blindly expand the scale of enterprises not only does not mean that the success of the enterprise, but increased the probability of business failure. By revealing the mechanism of the in-fluence of religious activity on the expansion of the enterprise, it is hoped that the entrepreneur can face up to his own ability and make reasonable decision in the operation of the enterprise. What？ s more, entrepreneurs can pur-poseful training their need for achievement and the proactiveness of the enterprise to increase their confidence, so that enterprises would get more robust and rapid development based on this paper？ s conclusion.