论哈贝马斯的市民社会思想

An Analysis of Habermas' Civil Society Thought

哈贝马斯通过考察市民社会理念的历史变迁,创造性地将交往行为中的主体间性原则应用于市民社会,获得生活世界的出场;利用主体间交往行为规范,对理性标准进行合法性规制,拯救出"陷入绝境"的传统批判理论,成功地解决"公共领域如何由私人构成"这一历史性难题。哈贝马斯的这一发现,是具有开创性意义历史壮举。虽然其市民社会思想中的历史唯物主义重建环节,存在诸多有失公允的见解,但其理性批判精神可以使人们跨越私域自律褊狭视界的藩篱,实现生活世界与公共领域具有严格边界意义的当代市民社会思想伟大转向,这为后世的市民社会思想乃至政治哲学的发展提供了重要的思想借鉴。

Habermas,through examining the historical changes of the concept of civil society,creatively applies the principle of inter-subjectivity in the intercourse behavior to the civil society and obtain the appearance of the living world. The use of inter-subjective behavioral norms and the development of rational standards Legitimacy regulation,to save the ＂fall into despair＂,the traditional critical theory,successfully resolved ＂how the public domain by private＂this historic problem. Habermas’ s discovery is a groundbreaking historical feat. Although there are many unfair views on the reconstruction of historical materialism in the civil society thought,the rational spirit of criticism can make people realize the strict boundary significance of the living world and the public domain through the barriers of self-discipline and self-The great turning of contemporary civil society thought,which provides important ideas for the future development of civil society and political philosophy.