“私人警务”及其在海关缉私中的适用性研究

A Study on “Private policing”and its Applicability in Customs Anti-smuggling

"私人警务"作为公共警务的有益补充,可以降低政府运行成本,缓解警力不足。在分析"私人警务"内涵的基础上,研究"私人警务"在海关缉私工作中的适用调整:补充缉私部门警力,促进海关缉私现代化,减少缉私人员的权力寻租,促进缉私与国际变革接轨。在梳理海关缉私引入"私人警务"可能面临的法律规范、激励机制、责任分担、人员素质等问题基础上,提出有效规范和发展我国海关缉私"私人警务"的对策。

＂Private policing＂,as the beneficial supplement of public policing,can reduceexecutive costs of government, and alleviate the problem of the insufficient police forces. Based on the analysis of the connotation of the ＂private policing＂,the article investigates the application and adaptationof the ＂private policing＂in the customs anti-smuggling,which may bring the following benefits：supplementing the police force of the anti-smuggling unit,promoting the modernization of customs antismuggling,reducing the power rent-seeking of anti-smuggling officers,and facilitating the alignment of anti-smuggling with the international changes. After elaborating the problems in introducing ＂private policing＂into the customs anti-smuggling including legislation,incentive mechanism,sharing of responsibilities and personnel quality,the article proposes the measures to standardize and develop the application of ＂private policing＂in customs anti-smuggling.