3个不同种子来源穇子农艺性状及营养成分比较与评价

Comparison and Evaluation of Agronomic Traits and Nutrient Content of Eleusine coracana from Different Areas

2015年12月从广西壮族自治区桂林(桂林种)、南宁(南宁种)及浙江庆元(本地种)采购当年产的穇子Eleusine coracana种子,2016年4月在浙江省庆元县的油茶Camellia oleifera林进行间种试验,对其农艺性状、抗性及营养成分进行对比与评价。结果表明,3个不同种子来源穇子的农艺性状差异较大,其中桂林种全生育期比本地和南宁种短6 d,植株最高,粟穗最长,粟穗呈展开状,产量最高,达2 254.2 kg·hm-2,分别是南宁和本地种的1.84倍和1.22倍;不同种子来源穇子成熟期螟蛾科Pyralidae幼虫受害率与粟穗组合形式相关,其中桂林种受螟蛾科幼虫缀穗危害率仅1.1%,农艺性状最优;3个不同种子来源穇子蛋白质皆属优质蛋白质;桂林种和本地种穇子脂肪含量为南宁种的2.1倍;桂林种穇子Se,Ca含量最高。

Seeds of Eleusine coracana collected in the current year were purchased from Guiling, Nanning of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Qingyuan of Zhejiang province in 2015. Experiments were conducted on interplanting of purchased seeds in Camellia oleifera stands in April 2016 to compare their agronomic traits, resistance, and nutrient content. The results showed that it had different agronomic traits among different areas. The whole growth period of Guilin was 6 days shorter than that of the other two, and with the highest plant, the longest ear and the highest seed yield, which topped to 2, 254.2 kg/h, about 1.84 and 1.22 time of Nanning and Qingyuan. Seed from Guilin had the best insect-resistance with only 1.1% injured by Pyralidae. E. coracana seed from different areas had high quality protein. Fat content in seed from Guilin and Qingyuan was 2.1 time of that from Nanning, Se and Ca content from seed of Guilin was the highest.