黄淮流域部分小麦种质材料抗旱和品质特性的评价及筛选

Evaluation and Screening of Drought Resistance and Grain Quality of Wheat Germplasms in Yellow-Huai River Basin

为了筛选出兼顾小麦抗旱性和优良品质的小麦种质,于2012-2014年通过杨凌和永寿两个点的田间试验,对黄淮流域116份小麦种质材料的抗旱性和品质进行了鉴定。结果共筛选出抗旱小麦种质材料10份,旱地强筋小麦种质材料24份,其中,强筋抗旱小麦种质材料仅4份,即98-10-30、PB1070、新9408和XNCW3。此外,本研究还发现,有效穗数、穗粒数和单株产量在两年试验中均与抗旱系数、抗旱指数和抗旱系数的加权隶属函数呈极显著相关关系,说明有效穗数、穗粒数和单株产量可以初步作为小麦抗旱鉴定和旱地品种选育的初选指标。

In order to select the wheat germplasm with good quality and drought resistance,the drought resistance and quality of 116 wheat germplasms in Yellow-huai River Basin were identified by two-site field trail in Yangling and Yongshou from 2012 to 2014.Ten wheat germplasms with drought resistance and twenty-four wheat germplasms with strong gluten were selected.As a result,wheat germplasms,including 98-10-30,Pubing 1070,Xin 9408,and XNCW4,were identified as reliable wheat materials for wheat breeding with strong gluten and drought resistance.Besides,it was found that effective spike number per plant,grain number per spike,and grain yield per plant were significantly correlated with drought resistance coefficient,drought resistance index,and weighted membership function of drought resistance coefficient.The three agronomy traits were preliminarily identified as effective indices for drought resistance identification.