1955—2010年三江平原东北部沼泽湿地时空格局变化

Change of Spatio-temporal Patterns of Marshes in Northeast of Sanjiang Plain from 1955 to 2010

利用空间自相关模型和GIS技术,研究了三江平原东北部沼泽湿地的时空格局变化.结果表明:1955—2010年三江平原东北部沼泽湿地的面积呈显著减少趋势,湿地面积先后在别拉洪河流域、研究区西南部和东南部,以及中部地区减少;湿地斑块数量不断增加,1955—2010年湿地斑块个数净增加6 298个,湿地呈现破碎化现象;湿地全局Moran’I呈先增加后减少、再小幅度增加与减少的"M"字型变化,湿地高—高自相关类型逐渐减少,而低—低自相关类型逐渐增加.三江平原东北部地区湿地质心呈现出先向东北方向移动,再向西南方向移动,最后转向东北方向移动的规律.

The change of marsh wetland spatio-temporal patterns in northeast of Sanjiang Plain is studied using a spatial autocorrelation model and the geographic information system （GIS） technology.Results show that the wetland area was obviously decreasing in northeast of Sanjiang Plain from 1955 to 2010,the wetland area was decreasing in the following areas：bielahong river basin,the study area of southwest and southeast,central area.The number of patches increased from 95 to 6393 pieces during 1955-2010,which indicate that the increasing fragmentation of wetland patches;The spatial Moran′I of the entire wetland area exhibited an up-down-slight up-slight down pattern,the high-high autocorrelation type tends to reduce,the low-low autocorrelation type tends to increase.The transfer rule of the center of mass exhibited northeast-southwest-the northeast.