长白山自然保护区固定监测样线兽类初步调查与监测

Preliminary Survey and Monitoring for Mammals in Fixed Monitoring Line Transects of Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve

2016年11月至2017年1月,采用样线法结合红外相机监测的方法,对长白山自然保护区固定监测样线的兽类进行调查和监测,并分别采用相对遇见率和拍摄率指标,分析、比较兽类物种的相对丰富度.结果显示:共记录重要兽类物种10种,包括国家Ⅰ级重点保护兽类紫貂(Martes zibellina),国家Ⅱ级重点保护兽类黑熊(Ursus thibetanus)、青鼬(Martes flavigula)、猞猁(Felis lynx)、马鹿(Cervus elaphus)等.其中,相对遇见率最高的兽类是狍(Capreolus pygargus),其次是野猪(Sus scrofa)和紫貂;拍摄率则以野猪最突出,其次是狍、紫貂、马鹿等.相对遇见率和拍摄率均随固定监测样线设置地点海拔高度和植被类型的不同而有所变化,总体上以山下部较丰富.

A survey and monitoring for mammals in fixed monitoring line transects of Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve was conducted by the line transect method combined with the infra-red camera monitoring from November 2016 to January 2017,and the relative abundance of mammal species was analyzed and compared by using the relative meeting rate and the capture rate indices. The results was that a total of 10 species of major mammals were recorded,including the first-class state protected species Sable（ Martes zibellina） ,the second-class state protected species Black bear （ Ursus thibetanus ） , Yellow-throated marten （ Martes flavigula ） , Lynx （ Felis lynx） and Red deer（Cervus elaphus）. On relative meeting rate,Roe deer（Capreolus pygargus） was the highest one,followed by Wild boar （ Sus scrofa ） and Sable, and on capture rate, wild boar was the most prominent species,followed by Roe deer,Sable and Red deer. Both the relative meeting rate and the capture rate vary as the fix monitoring line transects were set in different altitudes and vegetation types,which was higher in the lower part of the mountain generally.