牛、羊、马及鹿科动物母系起源和父系起源研究进展

Research Progress on Maternal and Paternal Origin of Cattle,Sheep,Horse and Cervidae

线粒体DNA和Y染色体是哺乳动物母系起源和父系起源的重要分子遗传标记。哺乳动物线粒体DNA在母系起源中的研究主要集中在Cytb基因、D-Loop区、12Sr RNA和16Sr RNA,而利用线粒体DNA全序列进行起源进化的研究则相对较少。Y染色体在父系起源中的研究主要围绕在Y染色体多态性研究、Y染色体微卫星研究、Y染色体基因拷贝数3各方面。本文就近年来线粒体DNA和Y染色体在母系起源、父系起源中的研究现状进行综述,为哺乳动物起源进化的研究提供理论依据。

Mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome are important molecular genetic markers of maternal origin and paternal origin in mammals.The study of mammalian mitochondrial DNA is mainly focused on Cytb, D-Loop, 12S rRNA, and 16S rRNA, but the study of mitogenome on the origin and evolution is relatively weak. The study of Y chromosome is mainly focused on the Y-SNP, Y-STR and CNV.This paper reviews the recent research status of mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome in maternal origin and paternal origin to provide theoretical basis for the study of mammalian origin and evolution.