课外体育活动对农村留守儿童身心健康影响的研究

Research on the Promotion of Extracurricular Sports Activities to the Physical and Mental Health of Rural Left Behind Children

运用文献资料法、实验法等对菏泽市农村留守儿童身心健康问题进行研究。建立3套体育活动方案,为期12周的课外体育活动干预,实验前后对体质健康和心理健康13个指标进行对比。结果显示:在体质健康方面,身体形态维度的上臂部皮质厚度和腹部皮脂厚度指标具有显著性差异(P<0.01);身体机能方面的肺活量指标差异显著(P<0.05)、台阶试验指数有显著性差异(P<0.01);身体素质方面50m×8往返跑、斜身引体、握力、1min仰卧起坐(女)、立定跳远、坐位体前屈有显著性差异(P<0.01),闭眼单脚站立指标差异显著(P<0.05);在心理健康方面,身体价值和主观体验维度有显著性差异(P<0.01);参与课外体育活动的留守儿童在人际交往、情绪活力、困境应对指标上表现出更多的积极幸福感。

By means of literature, field investigation and mathematical statistics, this paper studies the mental health problems of rural left behind children in Heze. 3 sports programs were set up and 12 weeks of extracurricular physical activities were intervened. The 13 indexes of physical fitness and mental health were compared before and after the experiment. The results showed that in the physical health dimension, the physical form of the upper arm cortex thickness and abdominal skinfold thickness index had significant difference （P〈0.01）; the difference of vital capacity indicators body function significantly （P〈0.05）, step test index had significant difference （P〈0.01）; physical quality of 50m ＊ 8 shuttle run, pull l min, grip strength, sit ups （female）, standing long jump, sit and reach significant difference （P〈0.01）, were standing on one foot with eyes closed index significantly （P〈0.05）; in the aspect of mental health, physical values and subjective experience dimensions have significant difference （P〈0.01）; The left behind children who participate in extracurricular physical activities show more positive well-being in interpersonal communication, emotional vitality, and coping with difficulties.