曲本刊刻与戏曲文化中心的迁移

Engraving of Drama and Migration of the Cultural Center of the Opera

明代戏曲文化的中心由元朝时期的大都、杭州转移到明初至万历时期的北京、南京,再到天启至崇祯时期的苏州、杭州,最后到清代的扬州、北京。从中我们发现,戏曲刊刻是随着戏曲文化中心的转移而转移的,当戏曲文化市场形成时,戏曲刊刻也就随之继起,反之,戏曲刊刻的兴盛也有利于新的戏曲文化中心的形成。

The center of the opera culture in the Ming Dynasty was transferred from Hangzhou, the capital of the Yuan Dynasty to Beijing and Nanjing during the Ming Dynasty to the Wanli period, to Suzhou and Hangzhou during the reign of Tianqi to Chongzhen, and finally to Yangzhou and Beijing in the Qing Dynasty. This phenomenon indicates that the opera engraving transfers with the shift of the cultural center of the opera. When the market of the opera culture is established, the opera engraving follows. The prosperity of the opera is consequently conducive to the formation of the new opera cultural center.